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Note that great can also be used in some cases. (See below.) great
In some combinations great has preserved its old meaning, denoting large size or extent. (1) in proper names;
eg The Great Fire of London (1666)
19 The Great Bear (constellation)
The Great War — the earlier name for what is now
called the First World War (1914-18) The Great Lakes — in Canada
Great Portland Street — in London (and other street names)
The Great Vowel Shift (in phonology)
The expression great hall is used as a proper noun in many universities to denote the largest (and most important) room, used not only for lectures but for meetings and ceremonies.
(2) in expressions of quantity such as: a great deal/amount!number/many
eg 23. He spent a great deal of time collecting material for the new book.
24. He has published a great number of articles.
25. The palace has a great many fine rooms.
(3) with many abstract nouns denoting qualities, emotions, states, etc. Here it denotes extent or degree:
great care wealth distress
attention poverty agitation difficulty ignorance pain effort danger shock progress courage relief
disappointment
eg 26. You must lake great care of this book. IVs very valuable.
27. He had great difficulty in persuading his parents.
28. His death was a great shock to everyone.
29. They lived in great poverty.
30. Great attention is paid to pronunciation.
Great is also used with nouns formed from a verb plus the suffix -er to denote a person who does something often or on a large scale.
eg 31. — He's a great reader !traveller/theatre-goer !talker.
Such combinations are used mainly predicatively, as in the above examples.
In colloquial style great occurs with big as an inten-sifier (=very):
20 eg 32. — They live in a great big house in the country.
In other cases, however, great does not refer to size or degree, but to quality. For example, it often means distinguished, eminent, especially when applied to people or their activities.
eg a great man! scholar [writer I actor I leader
a great city
a great work (novel, picture, etc.)
a great speech
It has this meaning in such proper names as Alexander the Great and Peter the Great.
Sometimes it is closer in meaning to important, as in:
33. This is a great occasion.
34. The great day arrived at last.
In highly colloquial English great may be used in the sense of splendid, wonderful, especially in interjections.
eg 35. — We've got a day off tomorrow.
— Great!
36. — That's a great idea.
37. — Do you know this record?
— Yes, it's great.
Exercise. Fill in the blanks with big, large or great, taking the style (formal or informal) into account where necessary.
1. (In a book) George Brown grew up in a ... industrial town. 2. —Ineed a ... box to put these things in. 3. —Pass me a ... spoon, please. 4. —Shaliapin was a ... singer. 5. (In a newspaper article) A ... number of people were injured in the explosion. 6. (In an essay) In addition to their town house they had a ... estate in the country. 7.
— There's a ... park near our house. 8. — Philip has made ... progress this term. 9. —Theseshoes are too ... for me. 10. (In an essay) Among the works on show was a ... portrait by Titian. 11. (In a magazine article) Doctors do not recommend having a ... meal in the evening. 12.
— Is he a ... eater? 13. The pronunciation of the first vowel in Christmas was not affected by the ... Vowel Shift. 14. (In a report) They ordered a ... quantity of paper. 15. —Jenny is a ... reader. 16. (In an official announcement) The lecture will be held in the ... Hall. 17. — Tony has ... ideas but he isn't very practical. 18. (In a prospectus) The university has a ... library covering all branches of knowledge. 19. (In a newspaper article) When allocating council houses and flats, priority is given to ... families. 20. —Some of his works are very original but I don't consider him to be a ... composer.
Bring, Take, Fetch, Collect
The usage of bring and take follows the same basic patterns as come and go. (See p. 31.)
21 To bring means "to carry something or accompany somebody towards the place where the speaker is, was, or will be", or (if there is no speaker) "towards the centre of attention".
To take means "to carry something or accompany somebody in any other direction".
Note. This is of course only one meaning of to take. Another meaning is "to get or lay hold of with the hand(s) or any other part of the body, or with an instrument" (Hornby).
It is therefore wrong for a student to say at a class uPve forgotten to take my book". The natural English reaction to this is llTake it where?", since take implies any direction except towards the place where the speaker is. The student should say uPve forgotten to bring my book" or uPve forgotten my book" or uPve left my book at home" (but not * uPve forgotten my book at home"). If the student is not at the university but, for example, at home, he should say uI forgot to take my (grammar) book to the university today". A similar situation occurs with library books. For example, a librarian, speaking at the library, may say llYou must bring all the books back by the end of term." The borrower, if also speaking at the library, may say uPll bring the other book back tomorrow." When he is not at the library but, for instance, in the classroom or at home, he must use take, for example, uPve got to take these books back to the library." Note that in formal style, return tends to be used instead of bring/take back. For example, an official notice may read ALL BOOKS MUST BE RETURNED BY DECEMBER 20TH.
