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Английский язык для экономистов - Малюга Е.Н.

Малюга Е.Н., Ваванова Н.В. Английский язык для экономистов: Учебник для вузов — СПб.: Питер, 2005. — 304 c.
ISBN 5-469-00341-8
Скачать (прямая ссылка): angliyskiydlyaeconomistov2005.pdf
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Leveraging the energy sector. The industry is burdened by a lack of new field development, low productivity, organizational inefficiencies and administrative and tax constraints. A greater involvement of foreign companies through FDI and production sharing agreements looks like the most promising avenue for a resumption of growth in this key sector. Productivity gains would be substantial. Ifproduction resumed rising, it could find export opportunities even under the assumption of an unchanged market share in world exports. Indeed, net world oil imports are expected to rise by 75% by 2010.

Foreign direct investment would be another important vehicle to achieve faster economic growth. Russia should aim to attract not only capital, but also advanced technology, organizational methods and know-how. On an engineering field trip organized by our colleague Gideon Franklin back in January, we found that most foreign manufacturing multinationals involved in Russia are moving very cautiously, transferring existing old capital equipment from other world locations and mostly investing under joint venture arrangements. In order to induce greater foreign involvement, a more stable macroeconomic environment could be created, as well as a more transparent and secure investment climate. 226

Английский ЯЗЫК ДЛЯ экономистов

In sum, we see restructuring existing industries and developing the "new economy" as the priorities. Russian manufacturing plants are generally obsolete, products can be less than appealing and, in some cases, don't have a market in the industrialized countries. However, there is scope for revamping some of the existing capacity, and energy and labour costs are extremely low. Russia could not only satisfy more of its consumption needs, but also become a medium-sized exporter in the global arena.

A viable open economy as the overriding goal of economic policy. The debate on Russia's transition process and on its policy priorities has been going on for years now, but has failed to build a consensus on an overall policy approach. I believe that the international trade and supply-side approach that I have briefly sketched here has the advantage of pointing to priorities and concrete actions for the coming months and years. Once Russia gets on a sustainable growth path, critical issues such as income distribution, welfare, pensions, tax arrears, non payments and so on should become less acute and, to boot, more amenable to genuine reform.

C.2. Decide whether these statements are True (T) or False (F).

1. Russia's GDP is equivalent to the average EU level.

2. Spare capacity is a good help to rise industrial growth in Russia.

3. Russia's economic recovery was beyond the expectations due to the monetary and fiscal policy.

4. The rise in the world energy prices and the rouble devaluation have made Russia less competitive in terms of energy and labour costs.

5. As the production of technology is labour intensive there are no export-oriented software companies in Russia because of the lack of scientists and intellectuals.

6. Only the foreign direct investments can solve many Russian economic problems.

^ D, Vocabulary

D.I. Learn the following words and make up you own sentences.

tall order — a request or piece of work that is unreasonably difficult

to perform

revamp (v) — to give a new and better form or structure to something old

obsolete (adj) — completely out of date

prudent (adj) — thinking carefully before taking actions; careful to avoid risks Unit 13. Russia in the World Economy

227

state-of-the-art (adj) — using the most recent and recently developed methods, materials or knowledge boot(n) — besides; in addition

amenable (adj) — able to be tested by; ready to be guided or influenced by

clerical (adj) — concerning someone who works in an office evolve (v) — to develop gradually by a long continuous process

D.2. Find an English equivalent from the text to the following:

¦ накопление капитала;

¦ задолженность по уплате налогов;

¦ страны — члены СНГ;

¦ резервные мощности;

¦ первостепенная задача (цель);

¦ воздействовать;

¦ возобновление;

¦ почасовая заработная плата.

D.3. Match up the words on the left with the definitions on the right. Use them in your own sentences:

1) induce; a) (done or happening) between two others; halfway;

2) repatriate; b) to cause or produce;

3) finding; c) to bring or send someone back to their own country;

4) in sum; d) something learnt as the result of an official inquiry;

5) intermediate. e) in simple words; in a short phrase.

D.4. Choose an appropriate word or expression from the box to complete the following sentences.

overhauled outstripping delay reiteration sustained

rebounds real terms employees pegged up concessions

benefit eye-catching tax rates lobby slump

downturn relapse castigate decision-making

1. Some argue that the minutiae of the technical details of reform are simply less ... than the initial sweeping changes.
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