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Английский язык для экономистов - Малюга Е.Н.

Малюга Е.Н., Ваванова Н.В. Английский язык для экономистов: Учебник для вузов — СПб.: Питер, 2005. — 304 c.
ISBN 5-469-00341-8
Скачать (прямая ссылка): angliyskiydlyaeconomistov2005.pdf
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3. Banks and thrifts have developed new loan "products" such as ... (loans based on the value of one's house) and low- or zero-down-payment mortgages

4. This change has set up a ... of purchases of small security firms by banks.

5. Bank failures might... confidence in the entire banking system.

6. Banks have pressed for further ... in engaging in security-related activities.

7. To counter... of mutual fund companies, banks want changes in the law.

D.4. Give synonyms for the italicized words in each sentence below, or briefly explain their meaning.

1. Although banks and thrifts remain the main institutions offering checkable deposits, their shares of total financial assets (value of things owned) are declining.

2. Pension funds, insurance companies, securities-related firms, and especially mutual funds have all expanded their shares of financial assets. Unit 7. Banking

125

3. They would like to offer stock accounts, much as mutual fund companies and security-related companies do now.

4. Globally, financial capital increasingly flows in search of the highest risk-adjusted returns.

5. In the future, account holders will he able to load sums from their E-cash accounts onto so-called stored-value cards.

E, Make a summary of the text

Use the active vocabulary.

R Grammar notes Participles as Conjunctions and Prepositions

§ 1. Participles as conjunctions. The following participles can be used as conjunctions to introduce adverbial clauses of condition, concession and reason: provided/providing, granted/granting (при условии, принимая во внимание), supposing, assuming (если, допустим, предположим, что), seeing + (that) (поскольку, принимая во внимание, учитывая, ввиду того что).

Е. g.: You can get a loan provided you have high salary.

§ 2. Participles as prepositions. The following participles can be used as prepositions: given (при наличии, если учесть), failing (при отсутствии), regarding, considering, respecting (относительно), pending (до, в ожидании), following (вслед за), barring (кроме, за исключением).

Е. g.: Given favourable conditions our bank can enter the world market.

The 4ng' Form

§ 1. The two functions of the Mngj form. Gerunds and present participles are formed from verbs and always end in -ing. Therefore words like playing, writing, etc. can function as gerunds or as participles. The -ing form is usually called a gerund when it behaves like a noun, and a participle when it behaves like an adjective. In this unit we will consider the -ingfoiin as present participle. (For gerund see Unit "Monetary and Fiscal Policy.")

§ 2. The use of present participle:

¦ as adjectives: Existing mlebook, banking system, sweeping changes',

¦ to form the continuous tenses: A further €200m would be written off against the private equity portfolio, which is currently running down, including € 100 m for goodwill impairment. For the past five years, the 126

Английский ЯЗЫК ДЛЯ экономистов

world's financial regulators have been working on a new set of rules for bank capital, called Basel 2\

¦ 4have' + object + present participle: We да/7/have a new branch operating in June. All banks had people withdrawing their money after the crisis. I won't have them taking this loan;

¦ a present participle can sometimes replace a relative pronoun + verb: People who wish to open accounts = people wishing to open account;

¦ Present participles/participle phrases such as adding/pointing out/reminding/warning can introduce statements in indirect speech: The bank employee told me to fill in the form, reminding that a minimum deposit should be $ 250;

¦ verbs of sensation 'see', 'hear', 'feel', 'smell', 'perceive' and the verbs 'listen to', 'notice', 'observe' and 'watch' can be followed by object + present participle: The bank manager watched his employees doing their job properly;

¦ 'catch/find/leave/keep' + object + present participle: He caught them stealing the money from the bank;

¦ 'go/come/spend/waste/be busy'. 'Go' and 'come' can be followed by the participles of verbs of physical activity (set expressions: e. g., the verb shop): He goes swimming every day. I am going shopping today. 'Spend/waste' + an expression of time or money + present participle: She spent a lot of money buying her clothes. He was busy writing a report.

§ 3. A present participle phrase replacing a main clause:

¦ when two actions by the same subject occur simultaneously it is usually possible to express one of them by a present participle. He answered the questions. He presented the evidence. = He answered the questions presenting the evidence;

¦ when one action is immediately followed by another by the same subject the first action can often be expressed by a present participle. The participle must be placed first: He cashed the cheque and paid all his debts. = Cashing the cheque he paid all his debts;

¦ when the second action forms part of the first, or is a result of it we can express the second action by a present participle: She took a loan, buying a car.
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