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Английский язык для экономистов - Малюга Е.Н.

Малюга Е.Н., Ваванова Н.В. Английский язык для экономистов: Учебник для вузов — СПб.: Питер, 2005. — 304 c.
ISBN 5-469-00341-8
Скачать (прямая ссылка): angliyskiydlyaeconomistov2005.pdf
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Why Is Business Ethics Important?

Why should business pay attention at all to ethics? What prevents a business firm from piling up as many profits as it can, in any way it can, regardless of ethical rules? In most cases, the general public expects business to exhibit high levels of ethical performance and social responsibility. Parker Brothers spent $ 10 million in recalling the toy that was involved in the death of two children because company executives knew that its customers and the general public would approve its attempts to protect children's lives, even though the likelihood of further accidents was remote.

A second factor encouraging business firms and their employees to act ethically is to prevent harm to society. One of the strongest-ethical principles is stated very simply: "Do no harm." A company that is careless in disposing of toxic chemical by-products that may cause disease and death is breaking this ethical injunction. Many ethical rules operate to protect society against various types of harm, and business is expected to observe these commonsense ethical principles.

A third reason for promoting ethical behavior is to protect business firms from abuse by unethical employees or unethical competitors. Bribery and kickback schemes penalize honest business firms: "One New York apparel vendor says he lost a $4 million account with one of the nation's largest retailers because he, unlike one competitor, didn't bribe the buyer with $ 20,000 cars and pricey stereo systems." 88

Английский ЯЗЫК ДЛЯ экономистов

High ethical performance also protects the individuals who work in business. Employees resent invasions of privacy (such as unjustified polygraph tests) or being ordered to do something against their personal convictions (such as "midnight dumping" of toxic wastes) or working under hazardous conditions (such as entering unventilated coal mines). Businesses that treat their employees with dignity and integrity reap many rewards in the form of high morale and improved productivity.

People feel good about working for an ethical company because they know they are protected along with the general public.

In spite of the positive benefits of good ethical practices, ethical problems do occur in business. One of the main reasons is:

Personal Gain

Personal gain, or even greed, causes some ethical problems. Business sometimes employs people whose personal values are less than desirable. They will put their own welfare ahead of all others, regardless of the harm done to fellow employees, the company, or society. In the process of selecting employees there is an effort to weed out ethically undesirable applicants, but ethical qualities are difficult to anticipate and measure. The embezzler, the chronic sick leaver, and the bribe taker slip through. Lacking a perfect screening system, business is not likely to eliminate this kind of unethical behavior entirely. Moreover, business has to proceed carefully in screening applicants, taking care not to trample on individuals' rights in the search for potentially unethical employees. Contrary to popular opinion, personal gain is not the most important reason why unethical practices occur in business.

n D, Vocabulary

D.I. Read and learn new words.

sue (smb for smth) (v) -Xo make a legal claim, especially for an amount of money, because of some loss or damage that one has suffered

charge (with) (v) — to bring an especially criminal charge against; accuse

kickback (n) — (slang) money paid, usually secretly or dishonestly, to someone in return for doing something

bribe (n) — something especially money, offered or given in bribing

illicit (adj) — (done) against a law or a rule

embezzle (v) — to steal (money that is placed in one's care) Unit 5. Business Ethics

89

forbid (v) — to refuse to allow; command against, especially officially or with the right to be obeyed

govern (v) — to control and direct the affairs conceal (v) — to hide; keep from being seen or known penalize (v) — to punish for breaking a law or rule hazardous (adj) — (especially of an activity) which contains risks or danger

weed smb/smth out (phr v) — to get rid of (people or things of unacceptable quality) in order to improve smth

D.2. Complete the sentences using the active vocabulary.

1. She was to be included in the investigation for accepting ....

2. The new tax laws ... people who earn less than & 7,000 a year.

3. The manager ... $ 1,000 from the bank where he worked.

4. He was......the robbery.

5. Ifyou do not return our property we will ....

6. The country was ... by a small elite of military officers.

7. They were convicted of racketeering and were ordered to repay $ 100 million in ... profits.

8. It was a ... occupation for him.

D.3. Give synonyms to the following words and word combinations:

in cash, vendor, transaction, lay off, enforcement, lawbreakers, to govern their conduct, ethical performance, abuse, remote, pricey, ethical injunction.
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