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Базовый курс английского языка - Эккерсли К.Э.

Эккерсли К.Э. Базовый курс английского языка — М.: Лист Нью, 2002. — 704 c.
ISBN 5-7871-0174-X
Скачать (прямая ссылка): bazoviykursangliyskogo2003.djvu
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HUSBAND: "No; you never had a dress before that hooked behind."
541 ¦
Below
Below generally has the meaning "under", e.g.
The temperature is below freezing point.
Write your name in the space below.
It is contrasted with above, e.g.
To keep warm you need blankets above and below you.
Jan's work is above average; Hob's is very much below it.
Beside
Beside = "by the side of', "near", e.g.
Go and sit beside Richard.
The church at Stratford is beside the river.
Note the idiomatic phrases:
He was beside himself (= almost mad) with anger.
What you have said is quite beside the point (= not connected with the subject).
Besides '
Besides = "in addition to", e.g.
There are many others besides me who disagree with what you say.
Besides (as an adverb) can also have the meaning "moreover", e.g. 1 don't want to go for a walk; I'm tired, and besides, it's beginning to rain.
There is an old comic song with the lines:
"I do like to be beside the sea ...
And there's lots of girls, besides,
I should like to be beside, beside the sea."
Beyond
Beyond has the meanings "on the other, further, side", "further on", "more than", e.g.
The woods go for about two miles beyond the river.
He lives in a small castle, about four miles beyond Oxford.
He loves her beyond measure.
¦542
Note the idiomatic expressions:
The explanation you give is quite beyond me (= I can't understand it). He is living beyond his means (= spending more than he earns). The prisoner's guilt was proved beyond doubt (= there was no doubt about it).
By
By is used with a great many meanings. It expresses:
(1) nearness, e.g.
Come and sit by me.
(2) direction or movement, e.g.
We came to Oxford by way of Warwick and Banbury.
(3) agency, e.g.
The book was written by Dickens.
(4) time, e.g.
We travelled by night.
(5) measurement, e.g.
These goods are sold by weight.
He is older than I am by ten years.
Idiomatic phrases: \
I will see him by and by (= before long). Learn this by heart.
I mention this by way of illustration.
Hob isn't a fool by any means (= he is a long way from being a fool).
¦ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
1. Работа со словами. Придумайте предложения:
scene (also seen); delight; novel (note two meanings: (a) as a noun, (b) as an adjective); clerk; happy-go-lucky; responsible (also irresponsible, responsibility); treasure; mean (adjective and verb; note also means, and use the phrases by all means, by means of, to live beyond one's means); later (compare with latter); coarse (compare with course); agony, shorthand, impression
543 ¦
2. Образуйте сложные предложения с помощью соотносительных местоимений и союзов:
1. Dickens became friendly with Wilkie Collins. Collins was another popular writer. Dickens then tried to construct a plot.
2. Dickens wrote many novels. He was bom at Portsmouth. His father was a clerk there. 3. He spent five years in Chatham. He was then a boy. These were the happiest years of his youth. 4. Dickens dreamed. Some day he would live at Gadshill Place. He would be rich then.
5. The early experiences of Dickens are important. They made a deep impression on his mind.
3. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. What other novelist was writing at the same time as Dickens?
2. Why are most of Dickens's novels "more like a collection of separate scenes than a single novel"? 3. What house did Dickens buy?
4. Mention three novels that Dickens wrote. 5. Why was Dickens unhappy in his job at the blacking factory? 6. What other work did he do in his early days before writing his novels? 7. Why is a knowledge of Dickens's early life important for the understanding of his novels?
4. Объясните значение следующих выражений, взятых из текста урока:
1. his father was happy-go-lucky, 2. waiting for something to turn up;
3. the key to the treasure-house of English literature; 4. these stored-up impressions
5. Придумайте предложения со следующими идиомами: to turn one's back on; to turn a deaf ear to; didn't turn a hair; to
turn an honest penny; to turn someone round one's finger; to turn a girl's head; the worm will turn; to turn over a new leaf; to turn one's nose up at something; take a turn; wait one's turn; done to a turn
6. Придумайте предложения со следующими идиомами: put in hand; from hand to mouth; hand and foot; he has his hands
full; second-hand; give a hand; hands wanted; time hangs heavy on my hands; to keep one's hand in
¦ 544
QP0K9
Great Britons (1): Charles Dickens (2)
MR. PRIESTLEY: In 1833 Dickens had a number of papers published under the title Sketches by Boz, but it was in 1836 that he rose to fame as suddenly and as unmistakably as Scott had done. The circumstances were rather strange. A firm of publishers had a number of pictures by a humorous artist, Seymour, and they wanted to get some short articles to illustrate them so that pictures and articles could appear together in a magazine in fortnightly parts. Someone suggested that the young newspaper reporter, Charles Dickens, might do the job. It was a job after his own heart. He accepted the offer, but asked for a rather freer hand in the writing than had been originally planned. He was allowed to have his way-and so Pickwick Papers came into being.
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