Базовый курс английского языка - Эккерсли К.Э.
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(4) (with come) "happen", e.g.
I hear that George has broken his leg; how did that come abouf!
Above
Above (1) has often the same meaning as over and can be contrasted with below, e.g.
In Mr. Priestley's room there is a clock above (over) the fireplace. We flew above the clouds.
(2) "mentioned earlier", e.g.
In the above1 examples (in the examples above).
(3) "most important of', e.g.
Think about what I have told you; but above all, don't breathe a word of it to Henry.
1 Above in this case is an adjective.
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Idiomatic expression: Brown's business is not doing well; he is finding it difficult to keep his head above water (= to pay his way).
Across
Across means "from one side to the other", e.g.
The child ran across the road.
Run across can also mean "meet unexpectedly", e.g.
I ran across our friend Smith yesterday.
After
After is generally used to denote time or order, e.g.
I'll see you after dinner.
He goes on working day after day, week after week without any change.
"To look after" = to care for, e.g.
If my wife goes away for a week, who's going to look after me and the children?
After all - "in spite of what you thought", e.g.
You can see I was right after all.
Against
Against expresses the idea of:
(1) "opposition," e.g.
He who is not for us is against us.
(2) "support", e.g.
He rested his bicycle against the wall.
(3) "to avoid the danger from", e.g.
My house is insured against fire.
Among (Amongst)
Among (amongst) expresses:
(1) "position in the midst of', e.g.
You can see my house among the trees.
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(2) "included in", e.g.
Shelley is among (= one of) the world's greatest poets.
(3) "sharing", e.g.
The sweets are to be shared among the five children.
With this last meaning between is generally used for two, among for more than two, e.g.
The sweets were divided between the two children.
But this distinction is not always strictly observed.
At
At is used mainly to denote a place or point of time, e.g.
I'll see you at the station or four o'clock.
At is generally used for small towns, in for large cities, counties, or countries, but it depends on how we are thinking about a place. We could say "I live in the village of Newton" because I am thinking of the place and its surroundings, but "Does this train stop at Crewe" (a big town) because we are thinking of Crewe merely as a point on the railway. But there are many other meanings of at, e.g.
The apples were sold at 6d. a pound, but that was really at a loss not at a profit.
He is good at football.
Shakespeare died at the age of fifty-two.
¦ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
1. Вставьте yet, already, still (в некоторых предложениях можно вставить более одного слова):
1. Pedro is going to leave London; the others have gone. 2. Hob hadn't arrived when the lesson started. 3.1 had learned some English before I came to England. 4.1 have studied English for some years but I am learning. 5. What, are you here? I thought you had gone home.
6. Hasn't that letter come? 7. Are you going to see the picture at the Cinema? No, I have seen it. 8. You have worked hard but you must work harder.
2. Придумайте шесть предложений, в которых give составной глагол.
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3. Рассмотрите картинки, а затем составьте рассказ "The Reading of the Will ".
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THE READING OF THE WILL
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Great Britons (1): Charles Dickens (1)
PEDRO: I've been trying my hand at making a little play out of a scene from Dickens's David Copperfield turned into Essential English. Would you mind reading it?
MR. PRIESTLEY: I should be delighted. When will it be ready?
PEDRO: Tomorrow, I think. I don't know what you will think of it, but I've often thought how naturally Dickens's novels could be made into plays. They seem more like a collection of separate scenes than a single novel.
MR. PRIESTLEY: That is what they are, especially the earlier books. Later, when he got to know Wilkie Collins,1 another popular writer of the times, he tried to construct a plot, but it is never for the plot but for the characters in his books that we remember Dickens. This lack of construction is largely due to the circumstances in which they were written. Pickwick Papers and many of the other novels came out in fortnightly parts and the story developed as it went along. Dickens himself often didn't know how it was going to end, he just went ahead and let the story go wherever his imagination led him.
OLAF: I don't know anything at all about Dickens. Could you tell us something about his life?
MR. PRIESTLEY: Certainly. Charles Dickens was born in 1812 at Portsmouth, where his father was a clerk. But Dickens didn't live long in Portsmouth. When he was about four years of age his family moved to Chatham, and the five years he spent there were the happiest of all his boyhood. Little Charles dreamed that some day, perhaps, he might live in a big house that he loved, Gadshill Place, at Rochester. And one day the dreams came true. But at the time there seemed little chance of it for Dickens. He was the oldest of a large family, eight in all, and his father, a happy-go-lucky, irresponsible man was always "waiting for something to turn up". What schooling Dickens had, he got at a small day-school, and from his mother, who was a well-educated woman.
