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Базовый курс английского языка - Эккерсли К.Э.

Эккерсли К.Э. Базовый курс английского языка — М.: Лист Нью, 2002. — 704 c.
ISBN 5-7871-0174-X
Скачать (прямая ссылка): bazoviykursangliyskogo2003.djvu
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Causative Use of Have
I must also point out the "causative" use of have] that is where we use have to show that we cause something to be done, e.g.
We have just had our house painted ( = caused our house to be painted).
I've just had my hair cut; when did you have yours done?
The verb get is also used with the same meaning in this construction: e.g. I got my hair cut today; where do you generally get yours done?
Then there is a similar construction where instead of causing some-thing you suffer something, e.g.
I had (or got) my pocket picked (i.e. something stolen from my pocket) yesterday.
He had (or got) his arm broken playing football. Did he? (Note the usage with do.)
You won't have (or get) your house burgled as easily as I did if you keep a good dog.
have to (= must)
Finally there is another use of have. It is used to express compulsion, obligation or necessity.
You have to1 work hard nowadays to make a living.
My car wouldn't start this morning so I had to (I'd got to) walk to the office.
We had to (we'd got to) answer all the questions in the examination.
You haven't (got) to go home yet, have you?
Will he have to do the work all over again?
As you can see from these examples, the usual construction for have to (=must) is without do.
1 American usage is different. In America have is generally conjugated with do. So you will hear: "До you have a wile?" (American). "Have you (got) a wile?" (English). "Does he have any children?" (American). "Has he (got) any children?" (English).
2 Or more often in colloquial English, "You have (you've) got to work hard..."
429 ¦
But occasionally, if we are speaking about something that is regular or habitual, we use the do construction.
A. Do you have to write exercises every day?
B. No, we don't have to write them every day but I like to write them as often as I can.
And now, I don't think there is much that you don't know about have. I think we had better stop. You'll have to think about what I've said-and I hope you haven't all got a headache!
¦ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
1. Напишите следующие предложения в вопросительной форме:
1. Her brother has curly hair.
2. A triangle has three sides.
3. You had eggs and bacon for breakfast this morning.
4. He had a letter by the evening post.
5. They have a lesson every day.
6. He has a lot of money.
7. They have a lot of trouble with their car.
8. Lucille had an enjoyable time at the dance.
9. Frieda has a bad cold.
10. She often has a cold in winter.
2. Напишите следующие предложения в отрицательной форме:
1.1 have a dark blue suit.
2. A triangle has four sides.
3.1 had coffee for breakfast this morning.
4.1 had some letters by morning post. (Be careful with "some ".)
5. They have lunch before twelve o'clock.
6. We have a lesson every day.
¦430
7. Mr. Brown has a lot of money.
8. We had a very comfortable journey to Scotland.
9. That country has a very good climate.
10.1 have some cigarettes in my cigarette-case.
3. Замените have на have got:
Образец: Has he any complaints? Has he got any complaints?
1. The butcher hasn't any change.
2. Mr. Wiggins has an Austin car.
3'. Have you your books with you?
4. She has a new refrigerator.
5. I've some lovely flowers in my garden.
4. Измените предложения, употребляя сочетания глаголов have и get с причастием прошедшего времени:
Образец: The tailor made a new suit for me last week.
I had a new suit made for me last week.
1. Someone cleaned my shoes for me.
2. Painters painted my house last week.
3. One of my teeth was taken out this morning.
4. Someone must chop this wood for us.
5. We must ask someone to mend the car.
6. Someone picked Pedro's pocket at the football match.
7. It's time your hair was cut.
8. Jan broke his leg playing football.
Прок 26
The "Special" Verbs (6): Do
MR. PRIESTLEY: We've talked a lot about do, and rightly, for it is perhaps the hardest-worked verb in the language. You see it is both a "full" verb and a "special". You see its work as a full verb in such sentences as:
He does his work well.
What were you doing this morning?
What does he do for a living? He doesn't do anything.
When it is a "full" verb, it is conjugated with do as you can see in that last example.
We have already seen much of its work as a "special" where it is used to form the negative and interrogative of all verbs except the "specials" (and sometimes even with them). It is used to show emphasis, as in Hob's remark in Lesson 25:
"I haven't much money, but I do see life." and for short answers to avoid repeating the verb.
Do you understand that? Yes, I do.
Do you like grammar, Hob? No, I don 't.
You know that as well as I do.
Again, it is used for question phrases with all the verbs that aren't "specials":
You understand that, don'tyoul You didn't come by bus, did you?
Finally it is used in the constructions:
I like swimming, and so does Olaf.
Olaf doesn't like flying; neither does Hob.
HOB: And when we meet someone we say, "How do you do?"
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