Перенос ионов в мембранах - Заболоцкий В.И.
ISBN 5-02-001677-2
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systems..................................................................
...... 82
2.2.3. The Kedem-Katchalsky equations in the differential
form.................................. 86
2.3. The frictional
model....................................................................
... 90
2.4. The Stefan-Maxwell
equations...............................................................
94
2.5. Statistical-mechanical transport equations (the Mason
equations)........................... 95
2.6. The Schlogl
equations................................................................
...... 97
2.7. The Nernst-Planck
equation................................................................
100
2.8. The electrobarodiffusion of a binary electrolyte. Generalization of
the Nernst-
Planckequations..........................................................
...................... 102
2.9. The Nemst-Einstein relation and the convective component of
mobility...................... 107
2.10. Experimental determination of the phenomenological transport
coefficients................ 116
2.11. Network
thermodynamics...........................................................
........ 128
2.12.
Conclusion...............................................................
................ 130
2.13. Appendix. State of the
interface......................................................... 132
Chapter 3. TRANSPORT EQUATIONS BASED ON MICROSCOPIC
CONSIDERATIONS...........................................................
............................. 137
3.1. General
ideas....................................................................
......... 137
3.2. The ion-transport
mechanism...............................................................
139
3.3. The chaotic self-
diffusion................................................................
142
3.4. The temperature dependence of counterions self-diffusion
coefficient...................... 144
3.5. The Nernst-Planck
equation..............................................................
148
390
3.6. Correlation
effects..................................................................
...... 152
3.7. The role of the electrophoretic and relaxation
effects..................................... 158
3.8.
Conclusion...............................................................
.................. 159
Chapter 4. STRUCTURAL-KINETIC MEMBRANE
MODELS................................................... 160
4.1. Heterogeneous
models...................................................................
.... 161
4.1.1. Two-phase models with one conducting
phase............................................... 161
4.1.2. Models with two conducting
phases........................................................ 164
4.1.3. The microheterogeneous
model........................................................ 169
4.2. The Glueckauf
approach.................................................................
.... 178
4.3. Submicrostructural
models..................................................................
180
4.4.
Conclusion...............................................................
.................. 192
Chapter 5. TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF ION-EXCHANGE
MEMBRANES..................... 193
5.1.
Electroconductivity......................................................
.................. 193
5.1.1. Measuring
techniques...............................................................
...... 193
5.1.2. The concentrational
dependence........................................................... 198
5.1.3. The AC and DC
electroconductivites.....................................................
.. 203
5.1.4. The role of the non-conductive
phase..................................................... 203
5.1.5. The dependence on water
capacity......................................................... 205
5.2. Selectivity and transport
numbers........................................................ 207
5.2.1.
Definitions..............................................................
................ 208
5.2.2. Experimental determination of transport
numbers.......................................... 210
5.3. Diffusion permeability of
membranes...................................................... 219
5.3.1. Experimental
techniques...............................................................
... 219
5.3.2. Integral and differential permeability
coefficients...................................... 221
5.3.3. The concentration dependence of permeability
coefficients................................ 222
5.3.4. Comparing theory to the
experiment....................................................... 225
5.4. Diffusion coefficients in a non-homogeneous
membrane....................................... 226
5.4.1. Self-diffusion
coefficients.............................................................
